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clawmates/skills/backend/postgres-explain-analyze.md
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Omar SobhandClaude Opus 5 4358964c05 fix(skills): every team-template skill binding now resolves
55 of 85 role skill bindings pointed at skills that were never authored,
so 10 of 11 team templates bound a smaller context bundle than their role
prompts assumed. Three roles bound nothing at all (gpu.bench_engineer,
threejs.shader_author, threejs.perf_engineer) while their prompts described
procedures they had no way to read.

The loader comment at team_template_loader.rs:167 already diagnosed this —
snake_case slugs in TOML against kebab-case skill files — and it was
half-fixed: the kebab names were corrected, the snake_case ones left.

It was invisible because both existing tests assert authored ⊆ referenced
(30/30, green) and the second explicitly declines to check the other
direction. So the failing half was the half nobody asserted.

Resolved every name by one of three explicit choices:

  - 23 skills authored where the role genuinely needed the procedure
    (gpu, threejs, research, analysis, frontend, mobile, backend, platform)
  - renames onto authored skills where one existed in substance, including
    the four-near-duplicate cases that collapse onto one real skill
  - 22 aspirational references deleted — a binding an agent cannot read is
    a promise, not a capability

Two tests now hold it. The unit test checks referenced ⊆ authored against
the files. The new integration test runs both loaders in boot order and
asserts the bindings survive the trip through the database, which is a
different question: resolution goes through skills_catalog rows, so a skill
file that exists but fails to ingest still leaves the role empty.

Negative controls: the unit test failed naming all 55; the integration test
fails naming the exact role when one name is reverted.

threejs.shader_author and .perf_engineer gained a second and third skill
after the collapse — pin_in_context pins idx < 2, so a role left with one
skill silently pins less than the policy intends.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <[email protected]>
2026-08-19 07:42:48 -07:00

2.5 KiB

name, description, when_to_use, tags
name description when_to_use tags
postgres-explain-analyze Reading an EXPLAIN ANALYZE plan to find why a query is slow, rather than adding indexes hopefully. A query is slow, or you want to confirm an index is actually used.
backend
postgres

Read the plan; do not guess at indexes

An index added without a plan is as likely to be unused as to help, and each one costs write throughput forever.

Always ANALYZE, and usually BUFFERS

EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS, FORMAT TEXT) SELECT ...;

EXPLAIN alone shows the planner's estimate. ANALYZE executes and shows what happened, which is the only thing worth reading. BUFFERS shows whether the data came from cache or disk — a "slow" query that is entirely shared read is an I/O problem, not a plan problem.

Note that ANALYZE actually runs the statement. Wrap a mutation in a transaction you roll back.

Read it inside out, and look for two things

Plans nest; the innermost node runs first. Scan for:

  1. The largest actual time, not the largest estimate. That is where the time went.
  2. Estimate versus actual rows. rows=10 with actual rows=48000 is the planner being wrong, and a wrong estimate is usually the cause of a bad plan — it picked a nested loop because it expected ten rows. Fix the statistics (ANALYZE <table>, or raise the statistics target) before touching the query.

What the node types tell you

  • Seq Scan on a large table with a selective filter → a missing index, or a filter the index cannot serve (a function on the column, a leading wildcard).
  • Nested Loop with a large outer side → usually the wrong-estimate problem above; correct rows would have produced a hash join.
  • Sort with Sort Method: external merge Diskwork_mem too small, or an index could provide the order for free.
  • Bitmap Heap Scan with high Rows Removed by Filter → the index found candidates the table had to reject; consider a composite or partial index.

Confirm the index is used, not just present

After adding one, re-run the plan. An index that does not appear is dead weight: it slows every write and helps nothing. Common causes are a type mismatch, a function on the column, or a column order that does not match the predicate — see postgres-index-selection.

Test against realistic data volume

Plans change with size. Every plan is a Seq Scan on a thousand rows, and the planner is right to choose it. Validate on production-shaped data or the exercise is theatre.